AC-to-DC Converter

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My project focused on designing and simulating an AC to DC converter capable of transforming a 220V, 5kHz AC input into a stable 20V DC output. To achieve this, we first employed a step-down transformer with a calculated 11:1 turns ratio to reduce the input voltage. The reduced AC voltage then passed through a full-wave rectifier using a diode bridge configuration, which converted both halves of the AC waveform into a pulsating DC signal. To smooth the voltage and reduce ripple, we implemented an RC filter consisting of a 120µF capacitor and a series resistor, helping to level out the fluctuations caused by the waveform's natural peaks and valleys. Finally, a voltage regulator (LT317A) was used to maintain a consistent 20V DC output, ensuring the signal remained stable despite any load or supply variations. While some challenges arose—especially in fine-tuning the voltage regulator—the circuit effectively demonstrated the four essential stages of AC to DC conversion: stepping down, rectification, filtering, and regulation.

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